Why it's a good car

The 2003 RAV4 is the second-generation model (the XA20 chassis Toyota built from 2001 to 2005), and it runs the 2.0-litre 1AZ-FE four-cylinder from Toyota's AZ engine family. That is a genuinely global, mass-produced powertrain with a long paper trail and cheap parts available anywhere. It is mechanically simple, any independent shop can service it, and owners of this generation are unusually loyal for a vehicle this old. Reaching very high mileage is not a warning sign on this platform — it is the platform doing exactly what it is famous for.

Does it have a timing belt or a timing chain?

A timing chain. The 2.0-litre 1AZ-FE uses a chain rather than a belt, so there is no expensive scheduled timing service hanging over this engine — ever. That removes one of the biggest recurring costs you would otherwise face on a car of this age.

The one thing that defines these model years

On 2001–2003 RAV4s, a faulty engine control module can send bad signals to the automatic transmission, producing harsh shifting, flaring, and — if it is ignored long enough — genuine transmission damage. Toyota extended the warranty to cover it at the time, though that coverage has long since expired on any car this old. Here is the part that reframes it: caught early, the fix is to repair or replace the module, and specialist shops rebuild these units specifically for this car. It never has to touch the transmission. And a car that has already reached very high mileage has effectively passed the test — a slipping, ECM-killed transmission does not quietly get there. Feel the first few gear changes on a cold start; that is when the fault shows first and cleanest.

The things to check before you buy

What would make you walk